Pre-clinical pharmacology is a research field within the drug development process that investigates the pharmacological properties, efficacy, and safety of potential therapeutic candidates before human administration. It involves evaluating drug characteristics, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential toxicity using *in vitro* and *in vivo* models, including animal studies, to predict human responses, optimize drug profiles, and inform decisions regarding clinical trial progression. This rigorous assessment is critical for bridging laboratory research and human studies, ensuring the identification of promising candidates while minimizing potential risks.